HPI: 7 y/o fall from monkey bars. Landed on extended shoulder + outstretched arm. Physical exam: Obvious arm deformity. Ecchymosis over distal/medial arm. Inability to flex thumb IP joint and DIP of index finger (AIN neuropraxia). Palpable pulses. Warm extremity. AP showing mild varus angulation Lateral film showing significant posterior displacement of distal portion of fracture Normal lateral film Normal AP flim showing Baumann's angle: angle btw humerus and capitellar physis. This measures amount of varus/valgus deformity Supracondylar Humerus Fractures:
Two categories: · Extension: Distal fragment displaced anteriorly (95% of cases). · Flexion: Distal fragment displaced posteriorly (5% of cases). Four Types: · I: Nondisplaced: look for posterior fat pad · II: Displaced. Posterior cortex intact · III: Completely displaced · IV: Complete periosteal disruption with instability on flexion and extension. Presentation: · Usually from fall on outstretched hand. · Frequently will have neurologic findings: · Anterior Interosseus Neuropraxia: · Most common neurologic finding. Particularly with extension-type fractures. · AIN is a branch of Median nerve. · Patient's cannot flex thumb IP joint or index DIP joint (Can't make an “OK” sign). Almost all will resolve with conservative management. Also have vascular compromise in approximately 1% Usually brachial artery compromise High collateral flow, so patient may have a pink, but pulseless extremity. Still requires emergent reduction. Treatment: Type I: Immobilization at 90 degrees and ortho follow-up. Type II: Closed reduction unless displacement is minimal. Adequate reduction: Baumann's angle wnl, anterior humeral line transects capitellum Type III: High-risk for neurovascular complications. Get ortho involved. Almost always require closed reduction + pinning vs. open reduction Type IV: Open surgical reduction and fixation Indications for open reduction: 1.) Inadequate reduction with closed techniques 2.) Vascular injury 3.) open fracture 4.) Type iv fracture
0 Comments
Your comment will be posted after it is approved.
Leave a Reply. |
Orthopedics BlogAuthorCMC ER Residents Archives
June 2018
Categories
All
Disclaimer: All images and x-rays included on this blog are the sole property of CMC EM Residency and cannot be used or reproduced without written permission. Patient identifiers have been redacted/changed or patient consent has been obtained. Information contained in this blog is the opinion of the author and application of material contained in this blog is at the discretion of the practitioner to verify for accuracy.
|