Upper GI Bleed in Pediatrics - Dr. Walker

1.  Signs and symptoms of an Upper GI bleed in the pediatric patient
            -most common presentation is hematemesis
            -melena also common presentation 
             -many things mimic GI bleed -> food coloring, raw meats, swallowed blood from oropharynx 

2.  Differential diagnosis for acute pediatric upper GI bleed
        -determine if variceal vs nonvariceal 
         -variceal bleed (uncommon but can be life threatening)-> portal HTN from congenital liver pathologies 
         -mucosal bleed -> gastritis, esophagitis, caustic ingestion, foreign body most common in pediatrics 

3.  ED diagnostic workup for an upper GI bleed in a pediatric patient 
       -CBC, BMP, LFT's, and Type/Cross essential to the workup

4. ED Management of Pediatric Upper GI bleed patient 
       -Place an NG tube 
       -Get GI, Surgery, and Interventional Radiology Involved early 
       -Octreotide and vasopressin are important treatments for variceal bleed 
      -For mucosal bleeds control acid production ​